Tuesday, January 29, 2013

On the Necessity of Esoterism

Before embarking upon our journey into Meditations on the Tarot (which seems to have gone out of print again), I'd like to begin with a discussion of the meaning and purpose of esoterism more generally, since so much of it can appear a little dodgy, as if we're just deepaking the chopra rather than engaging in the Eternal Science (or the science of eternity).

However, it has always been understood that, for example, scripture is susceptible to multiple levels of meaning: the literal or plain meaning; the allegorical, or implied meaning; the conceptual meaning; the moral meaning; the more abstract and esoteric meaning; etc.

I just found this helpful post on the Four Ancient Assumptions of Biblical Interpretation, which points out that, not only is the full meaning of scripture "hidden" or cryptic, but harmonious despite superficial inconsistencies. But in my opinion, the only way to harmonize the inconsistencies is via esoterism. Which is why fundamentalism is entirely soph-defeating, because to insist "that the surface or literal meaning of the text is always relevant and never contradictory requires great skill in sophistry."

Here is one way of looking at it. As we have said many times -- either because or in spite of its obviousness -- human beings uniquely span all the vertical degrees of creation. Rather than representing a point of light, we are more like a line of light, extending from the Source at Raccoon Central all the way down "below" matter, and into the infrahuman realms inhabited by criminals, psychopaths, MSNBC hosts, etc.

The light is naturally brightest at the top, but becomes less luminous the further it descends from the source. I might add that there is more coherence at the top, hence, identity and individuation. The further from the source, the more anonymous, collective, reactionary, conformist, etc. There the differences (to preview Letter IX) blend into -- or are hidden by -- the darkness of the Black Point.

Paradoxically, the Light still shines there but the little darklings can't see it. Nevertheless, darkness is always a function of Light (for the converse could never be true), so the shadows they worship down there are still a kind of left-handed tribute to the BrightOne.

One must also realize that our human home is a kind of middleworld which we inhobbit. Especially with the development of modern science, we can all see for ourselves that we are immersed in "other" hidden worlds, say, the worlds of modern physics, or DNA, or quantum cosmology.

We can of course "tell the story" of our DNA -- or evolutionary biology can attempt to tell the story of human beings via DNA -- but the most complete possible genetic story will never describe man as he is, any more than an analysis of photons entering your eyes at this moment will tell you anything about what those photons mean.

For these are message-bearing photons that I have personally encoded with a weightless semantic freight. This cargo has no effect on the speed of transmission, which is why we say that in this cosmos, by God, thought travels at the speed of light.

Now, anything that exists is intelligible, or it wouldn't exist: to exist is to be the instantiation of an intelligibility. Or in other words, in order to be anything you have to be something, or else you're just nothing: every is is a what. If this weren't the case, then everything would be all mixed up with everything else and completely unintelligible, like the mush in Deepak's head.

Some religions don't like such intrapneumatic divisions and boundaries, which is why the cultures resulting from them are stuck in history and go nowhere. Such religions are defensible, of course, so long as one of your core values is going nowhere.

In other words, in such a metaphysic time is not just illusory, but a kind of cancer on the body of eternity. This was the error (or virtue, if you swing that way) of Parmenides, but it also applies to Muhammadanism and to aspects of Buddhism.

Some of our best friends, the Jews, thought otherwise, and voted for an enthusiastic embrace of history. Which is why time is on their side. Since then every contemporaneous ancient civilization has exited history: Rome, Greece, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Assyria, Babylonia, etc.

And yet, the Jews are still here -- despite being the most persecuted people in history -- now prolonged into Christianity and the American founding. Notice too how the left's ceaseless attack on America (and its Judeo-Christian tradition) is an iteration of the same dreary attack that has been going on for roughly 5773 years. Get in line, Barry. We'll survive you too, assoul.

And make no mistake: it is not just an attack on Judeo-Christian values, but on history, on morality, on intelligibility itself. For absolute relativism (and there is no other kind) absolutely negates the Absolute from which all these good things flow: truth, meaning, virtue, unity, love, beauty, etc.

Now, a big part of the leftist negation of truth and reality revolves around its crude materialism. I myself am an enthusiastic and even crude materialist, but that is not all I am. Again, for us, matter is just one of the vertical degrees of being. It's a great place to visit, but we wouldn't want to live there.

But as it so happens it is the easiest one for us to negotiate, since it is so sensual and ponderable. Other realms are just as intelligible but not as sensible, and this applies to both the above and the below. For example, the quantum world isn't sensible -- or even imaginable -- but it is surely intelligible.

Likewise the spiritual world. It too is obviously intelligible, but not necessarily on its own terms. Rather, in order to encode and communicate it, we must generally use language borrowed from the sensible world. Hence the power of myth, which embodies a truth (or multiple truths) that are difficult to express in lingo that is fully wideawake & cutandry.

Or, consistent with what we've been saying about left and right brain differences, there is a certain manner of speaking to and from the right brain that completely eludes the left (which may even denigrate the wisdom of the right, depending upon how far left it has fallen). Just last Sunday I attended a religious ritual -- a baby naming -- that quite effectively bypassed the left brain and went straight into the heart via the right. Either that or I'm just getting soft.

Of myth, James Schall writes (in Pieper) that it "seeks to find a truth that does not seem to be expressible by philosophic argument."

You will have also gnosissed that we learn from myth or parable "from hearing," and "not from argumentation." Or, the myth is the argument, only in a different mode. Genesis surely involves many sophisticated arguments, but fully explaining them -- at least for most people -- may actually be less effective than simply hearing them.

Indeed, this is why the myth survives: because it is a true story that never happened but which happens every time. Pieper speaks of an "original revelation" that seems to be embodied in world myth, and people such as Jung, Campbell, and Joyce would certainly agree on that score.

"Could it not be the case," asks Pieper, "that the reality most relevant to man is not a 'set of facts' but is rather an 'event,' and that it accordingly cannot be grasped adequately in a thesis, but only... in the presentation of an action -- in other words, in a story?"

Note also that man cannot actually live without myth, which is precisely why the myth of leftism persists despite a total lack of logic and practicality, and an unblemished record of failure. Many thinkers (such as Voegelin) have seen that the left is essentially a secularization of the ancient myths, which is why the initial "denial of eternity" soon enough begets "the effort to replace it by political or scientific movements in this world." At which point the bodies begin piling up.

Much of what human beings urgently need to know cannot be conveyed in purely abstract, left brain terms. As the title implies, the author of MOTT meditates on the universal-mythological images of the tarot in order to deepen our understanding of Christianity. Thus, it is fundamentally the type of R --> L --> R brain verticalisthenic we've been discussing in recent weeks.

Just as science takes place in the space between the human mind and its object of study, the science of theology takes place in the space between man and O. Revelation too takes place in this space. If you think about what revelation is, it is a divine message that must be clothed in human terms in order for humans to apprehend it. But again, arguments aren't the only way to encode the message. It can also be encoded in stories, historical events, parables, a book, and even a human being.

As Socrates remarked, "it is difficult, my friend, to express higher things without recourse to sense images. In this we are like the person who knows everything in a dream and in waking no longer knows anything."

You might say that the myth or image is a way for the Dreamer to directly convey what he knows. Thus, as Pieper writes, the "heavenly realm" can be spoken of as a banquet, a wedding, a treasure buried in a field, a fishing net, a mustard seed, a day of reckoning, etc. It is simultaneously each, all, and none of these things.

In the beginning, writes Plato, man "has the shape of a sphere," which has connotations of wholeness, perfection, and eternity. But soon enough we lose that wholeness and enter the linear world of the left brain.

Our task is to help the prodigal brain return to its mythic sphere, now enriched by its novel adventures among the straights and cubes.

Bottom line: I don't think esoterism is necessary for everyone. Maybe just people who are too bright for their own good.

44 comments:

julie said...

Genesis surely involves many sophisticated arguments, but fully explaining them -- at least for most people -- may actually be less effective than simply hearing them.

Just like humor: to explain the joke is to rob it of its elemental guffaha.

Unknown said...

bah...Your writing always leaves me more confused then I was to begin with. "Caveman head hurt"

ted said...

Yes, I noticed that MOTT is out of print too. But for those out there that don't have it yet, and don't want to spend $150 for a used copy... someone was nice enough to put it online.

Gagdad Bob said...

landrewc:

In that case, I advise you to stop reading the blog at once! More generally, I only offer the blog. It would never occur to me to recommend it.

ted said...

I only offer the blog. It would never occur to me to recommend it.

I am convinced that this is best blog out there, but I also can't recommend it to most of my friends.

Tony said...

Our task is to help the prodigal brain return to its mythic sphere, now enriched by its novel adventures among the straights and cubes.

The last image of Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God is that of Janie Crawford on her back porch, looking at her memory as if it were a fishing net in which past experiences were caught and could be examined in peace

I felt on reading the passage that Janie had entered during her return into a more mythic and thus more mature sense of herself and her world, despite the gossip around her -- and every time I read it aloud, I find myself strangely moved

as we age, we see innumerable stories rise up around us, achieve their crises, and come to an end -- the more this happens, the more these stories resemble myths, i.e. fundamental stories

our UF talks intriguingly about kinds of human memory -- "moral memory" is the last, autumnal species, and this must be the form of memory that sees the esoteric dimensions and thereby is able to shape stories accordingly

the deepest and truest stories have a simple, extremely solid, anonymous, almost schematic dimension to them

julie said...

For these are message-bearing photons that I have personally encoded with a weightless semantic freight. This cargo has no effect on the speed of transmission, which is why we say that in this cosmos, by God, thought travels at the speed of light.

@ landrewc,

From one reader to another, I will simply note that the above bit from the post is literally true, and I think most regular readers went through some kind of adjustment period. If memory serves, reading here (along with supplemental - or fundamental, as the case is with MotT - reading) was the first time I was actually aware of what it feels like when neurons grow; until they do, however, confusion and a headache are not at all uncommon...

Chris said...

Gagdad,

This subject has taxed me for quite while. The Perennialist persective is rooted in the exo/esoteric principle- that particular theologies are transcended from within. But I wonder if this point of view can really be accepted by Christians.

Consider the following positions, one of the exclusivist and the other of the Perennialist:

Jesus Christ claims kingship over the world. He demands that, at his name, every knee shall bend. "Esoteric" interpretations of this, as the Second Person of the Trinity speaking in a spirtual sense about a Logos-Kingship that could theoretically be enacted through any orthodox tradition, cannot be accepted, for the simple reason that rather than speaking from on high, He came to earth, lived and breathed and founded His own universal cult. His apostles died for Him. Would Schuon accept the baptism of blood for his "avatara" thesis? This is not to impugn his sincerity, it is just to compare the Apostles own incredibly concrete understanding of the Master and his Deposit with Schuon's rather more abstract and Vedantized understanding.

From "Perennial Philsophy and Christianity" by James Cutsinger answers, "...the Son or Word, far from being limited to a single religion, is the divine principle behind all revelation and the eternal source of salvation in every authentic tradition. Though truly incarnate as Jesus Christ in Christianity, he is salvifically operative in and through non-Christian religions as well. In some, he is present in an equally personal way, as in Krishna and the other Hindu avatars, in whom he was also "made man" (Nicene Creed), while in others he appears in an impersonal way, as in the Koran of Islam where he made himself book.

The concern is often expressed that a perennialist interpretation of Christianity has the effect of demoting Christ, making him one among a variety of competing saviors. But if "by their fruits" (Matt. 7:20) one may discern whether religions are valid and if th e good fruit of sanctity is often found growing along non-Christian paths, it will perhaps seem instead that the power and scope of the Son of God are actually much greater than Christians had been led to believe, and the perennial philosophy will itself appear as a kind of inclusivism, but with an inclusivity no longer centered on Christianity or the church ot its sacraments, but on Jesus Christ, the saving Source of all wisdom.


Is Christianity and/or religion, in general, a means to an end? Is Perennialism akin to a kind of Kantianism in that no Tradition can represent the "absolute" Truth but are only relatively true. As I understand it, the Traditionalist would say that the Great Religions are True in the sense that they provide everything that is needed for salvation, but theology, in utilizing symbolist-mythological language do not "exhauast" the Truth.

If Christianity is just one among many Revelations, does this make the Incarnation, Crucifixion, and Resurrection, in history, unnecessary for salvation and/or realization of the Divine?

Gagdad Bob said...

"though truly incarnate as Jesus Christ in Christianity, he is salvifically operative in and through non-Christian religions as well."

That is actually the Catholic view, so there's a way to reconcile the two approaches.

Cond0011 said...

"Now, anything that exists is intelligible, or it wouldn't exist: to exist is to be the instantiation of an intelligibility. "

...and being that we transcend this clockwork existence, our sentience is constantly misunderstood, attacked, negated, and underestimated in their pursuit for complete power and desire to control us great unwashed.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YC7TMi0l68

" I myself am an enthusiastic and even crude materialist, but that is not all I am. Again, for us, matter is just one of the vertical degrees of being. It's a great place to visit, but we wouldn't want to live there. "

Thats our earthly address, which is the Body - and it is our most trusted ally while we are 'alive'. This is where we crave food, enjoy warmth, dream about sex (well... me... anyways) and all those other material ... creature... comforts. The freight charge for attaining those needs (especially in this high technology era and living in the USofA) is rather minimal and can ALL be satisfied in a very small period of time if anyone so chooses. Its what we do with the rest of the 24 hours of the day that can be soo ... difficult.

"But as it so happens it is the easiest one for us to negotiate, since it is so sensual and ponderable. Other realms are just as intelligible but not as sensible, and this applies to both the above and the below."

Okay... you already answered it. Still, I had fun writing it. :)

"Indeed, this is why the myth survives: because it is a true story that never happened but which happens every time. "

Myths speak of Universal Truths on the Nature of Man - of all men - as its content is compacted in the smallest compressed file that man can create so that its Cultural, Social, Philosophical and Spiritual information can be readily past on to the next generation (and not have to be relearned). To be uncompressed, talked about, retold, thought about, and learned from through its allegories, metaphors and similies. Besides being entertaining, Myths hold the very precious cargo of mankind. Want to KNOW a culture? Read (and understand) their myths as they read them.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJ1KZvzXpKI

"Just as science takes place in the space between the human mind its object of study, the science of theology takes place in the space between man and O. "

Being that sooo many people are Science-oriented, I use my science education to help in peoples spiritual 'digestion' of what I'm trying to have them understand.

You know: Speak their language.

"It is simultaneously each, all, and none of these things. "

To even speak about a Truth, you already break its symetry and its diminshed. This flaw is where the Sophists who weild leftist Critical Theory get their power of negation. Attack, attack, attack - break the theory into nothingness - with no offerings of their own solution - until there is nothing left but the nothingness of Nihilism.

There is a reason why lawyers, who defend you in court, tell you to SAY NOTHING.

Thanks for the romp among the Trash Cans, Bob. I had alot of fun. :)

Gagdad Bob said...

I think landrewc could learn from Cond0011. He's getting more coherent all the time.

Cond0011 said...

Thanks Bob.

Growing is Forever. :)
http://vimeo.com/18305022

Gagdad Bob said...

Yes, I hope that didn't sound like a lefthanded compliment! One can measure growth by the depth of comment.

Gagdad Bob said...

Ironically, I learned that from Yelverton.

Cond0011 said...

heh.

I scan back to earlier comments I have posted through the years and do notice a gradual change, Bob.

Its nice that people in the 'KNOW' choose suffering silence (with the occasional nudge when I am offtrack) while I go through the continual teething process.

With what you said in mind, its all the more proof of the importance of being entertaining. :)

Gagdad Bob said...

Steve the Reader provides this link to MOTT. Not sure if it's the same as Ted's.

Chris said...

"To even speak about a Truth, you already break its symetry and it is diminished."

Yes! Excellent!

In the past, I always was skeptical of "religion" for that very reason. Isn't this the very reason why the "spirituality" community rejects "dogmatic" religion? Such a perspective would say that Truth is a matter of experience, not a matter of mental abstraction.


The question of the relationship between cataphatic and apophatic theology is so incredibly important!!!

Gagdad Bob said...

Or, you could say between being and beyond-being...

Chris said...

Taking the Perennialist lead, I have invested myself in a particular Tradtion- in my case, Catholicism.

I often visit medieval philosophy sites, especially where one will find proponents of Thomism. The thing is, these folks are generally hostile to what they perceive as the Vedantic nondualism of the Traditionalist school. Aristotelians start short circuiting when they hear of the degree of reality- "beyond being". I think I said this before, but Maritain and Guenon parted ways precisely over this matter.

Gagdad Bob said...

You're right about that. I need to finish this book by Gilson, Being and Some Philosophers, to see if I can square that circle. Or circle that square, rather. Problem is, Thomism is a rational theology, whereas we're talking about mystical theology. Eckhart knew his Thomism, but I don't think he'd have an issue with the category of beyond-being.

Gagdad Bob said...

But then they'd probably say he's a closet neo-Platonist. However, Plotinus has a lot of useful things to say, IMO.

Cond0011 said...

@Chris

"In the past, I always was skeptical of "religion" for that very reason. Isn't this the very reason why the "spirituality" community rejects "dogmatic" religion? "

Yea, the 'Spirituality' crowd strikes me as the leftists answer to our past Mystics without the structure of any truths (except their use of their Nihilistic, "anything goes if it FEELS okay", dogma - which isn't truth, of course). Considering that it has limited or no Truth as a structure, it easily corrupts - as does all of the leftists counterfeits of a true Religion.

" Such a perspective would say that Truth is a matter of experience, not a matter of mental abstraction. "

Haha! Sounds almost something that the head of Dilberts Marketing Department (Deepak Chopra) word say. :)

...and thanks, Chris.

Gandalin said...

Hi Bob,

Haven't commented much lately, but reading every day.

Looking forward to your re-reading of MOT. I'm a few pages away from getting through my first careful read through.

All the best,

Gandalin

mushroom said...

I don't think this is too far off topic. Rebecca Costa suggests that our problems isn't the availability of weaponry but a loss of the will to live.

Philosophy has consequences?

mushroom said...

Models can be created from both mythology and mathematics. And it's wise not to mistake the purpose of either.

Tony said...

anti-depressants sound like a major factor to me

I had a relative who got himself addicted and then became homicidal when his docs tried to wean him off -- the speed of his perceived experience sans drug threw him into terror, made him paranoid, and suicidal -- this was fatal for his family, which split from him to ensure its safety

he had been a hippie artist type, perpetually frustrated, always wrapping himself in victimhood, etc

the seams of our civic life are coming undone for many reasons, but I'm becoming convinced that the prevalence of these drugs has to be one

Cond0011 said...

" but I'm becoming convinced that the prevalence of these drugs has to be one"

Painful feelings are necessary if a proper self-diagnostic of what troubles a person is to occur. I always thought that feeling-altering drugs impedes that built in diagnostic and should only be used in extreme cases (or to help someone function in a time of crisis in Realspace).

But thats just me.

Gagdad Bob said...

SSRIs and their variants are probably the most over- and underprescribed medications. People who most need them generally don't take them, while people who don't do.

Tony said...

well, it appears to be me, too

I smoked pot twice in college and tried smoking once -- that was the extent of my experience with drugs

contrary to what my peers told me, I found the pot experience to be reductive -- all I could do was laugh

I never tried psychedelics because they were obviously the surrender the old noodle to a lie

i.e. not an "expanding" experience, but rather mind-snowing

becoming aware of what ails yeh, I know very well, sometimes requires an enormous whack of the clue bat, and the pain that whack causes

we must meet reality head-on, -- and with our heads on!

Tony said...

bob, what the hell happened to our mental health system in the US?

could you possibly relate MOTT to the prevailing amok amuck in mental health?

(I read MOTT cover to cover and haven't had that rewarding a reading experience in about, oh, 15 years)

Gagdad Bob said...

What happened to psychology is that it was appropriated by the left. When the left takes over one of the humanities, it soon enough devolves to a subhumanity.

mushroom said...

... I found the pot experience to be reductive -- all I could do was laugh ...

Isn't that the point?

John Lien said...

For these are message-bearing photons that I have personally encoded with a weightless semantic freight. This cargo has no effect on the speed of transmission, which is why we say that in this cosmos, by God, thought travels at the speed of light.

I know that you were simply describing communication through writing, but that struck me as miraculous there for a second. (Maybe I'm just a sucker for a good sales pitch.)

Gagdad Bob said...

If you knew me in college, you'd definitely say it's miraculous.

Van Harvey said...

"However, it has always been understood that, for example, scripture is susceptible to multiple levels of meaning: the literal or plain meaning; the allegorical, or implied meaning; the conceptual meaning; the moral meaning; the more abstract and esoteric meaning; etc.

I just found this helpful post on the Four Ancient Assumptions of Biblical Interpretation, which points out that, not only is the full meaning of scripture "hidden" or cryptic, but harmonious despite superficial inconsistencies...."

One of my favorites along those lines, is in Dante's letter to a thick royal he was tutoring, "Dante to Cangrande: English Version"

"...7. For me be able to present what I am going to say, you must know
that the sense of this work is not simple, rather it may be called
polysemantic, that is, of many senses; the first sense is that
which comes from the letter, the second is that of that which is
signified by the letter. And the first is called the literal, the
second allegorical or moral or anagogical. Which method of
treatment, that it may be clearer, can be considered through these
words: `When Israel went out of Egypt, the house of Jacob from a
barbarous people, Judea was made his sanctuary, Israel his
dominion' (Douay-Rheims, Ps. 113.1-2). If we look at it from the
letter alone it means to us the exit of the Children of Israel from
Egypt at the time of Moses; if from allegory, it means for us our
redemption done by Christ; if from the moral sense, it means to us
the conversion of the soul from the struggle and misery of sin to
the status of grace; if from the anagogical, it means the leave
taking of the blessed soul from the slavery of this corruption to
the freedom of eternal glory. And though these mystical senses are
called by various names, in general all can be called allegorical,
because they are different from the literal or the historical.
Now, allegory comes from Greek alleon, which is Latin means `other'
or `different'....
"

To read it literally, is to literally leave most of the meaning behind.

Van Harvey said...

"Of myth, James Schall writes (in Pieper) that it "seeks to find a truth that does not seem to be expressible by philosophic argument."

Wo! Pieper on Plato's dialogues? And an introduction by James Schall?

Bought.

Gagdad Bob said...

Short but potent book. And that quote by Dante is actually the one I was looking for!

Van Harvey said...

"Now, anything that exists is intelligible, or it wouldn't exist: to exist is to be the instantiation of an intelligibility. Or in other words, in order to be anything you have to be something, or else you're just nothing: every is is a what. If this weren't the case, then everything would be all mixed up with everything else and completely unintelligible, like the mush in Deepak's head."

Yep. To exist is to have identity, and to deny or to blur that, is an attack upon existence and truth itself.

Which brings us to,

"And make no mistake: it is not just an attack on Judeo-Christian values, but on history, on morality, on intelligibility itself. For absolute relativism (and there is no other kind) absolutely negates the Absolute from which all these good things flow: truth, meaning, virtue, unity, love, beauty, etc."

Double yep. And for the left brain L->L->L habit of missing the forest for the trees, ala Hume, which usually follows from that while dropping all 'Oughts' along the way... the Causality that eludes them, is simply identity in action.

Van Harvey said...

Lance said "bah...Your writing always leaves me more confused then I was to begin with. "Caveman head hurt""

;-) Poor Lance. But kudos for not giving up.

Van Harvey said...

Cond0011 said "To even speak about a Truth, you already break its symetry and its diminshed. This flaw is where the Sophists who weild leftist Critical Theory get their power of negation. Attack, attack, attack - break the theory into nothingness - with no offerings of their own solution - until there is nothing left but the nothingness of Nihilism."

Yep. Particularly, to speak of Truth as if the greater part of it were to be found in its tangible facts, rather than through the principles which they help illumine, and which 'contain' the meaning which can be grasped in that context... is just how you go about missing the forest for the trees.

To mistake the factual for the real, is to miss out on what reality has in store for the story you are involved in telling, and not surprisingly, stories can often tell you more about the real world, than a university full of the tenured ever could.

Van Harvey said...

Gagdad said "And that quote by Dante is actually the one I was looking for!"

;-) Syncoonicity.

Van Harvey said...

Mushroom said "Philosophy has consequences?"

As Truth protects itself, philosophy brings about its own vengeance.

USS Ben USN (Ret) said...

"Paradoxically, the Light still shines there but the little darklings can't see it."

Indeed. Darklings only see the counterfeit of light; a glowing rather than an illuminating or radiating one.
A light that consumes rather than nourishes.

A light that is devoid of love, joy, peace, truth, etc..
Of course, there's counterfeits for those as well for the darkling that prefers his delusions over reality.

Incidently, I think darkling is an excellent description of the leftists that are not content just to destroy their own lives and livelyhood but also attempt to destroy everyone elses lives as well...by force.

Tony said...

I like this guy

http://cnsnews.com/blog/charlie-daniels/encouragement-time-grave-fear

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